Researchers at the University of Oulu have developed new bio-based epoxy and polyester resins designed to replace conventional oil-based materials in composite products—without compromising mechanical performance, cost, or industrial scalability.
The work marks a potential step forward for greener composite manufacturing.
The resins are produced from biomass-derived chemicals sourced from forestry and agricultural sidestreams such as sawdust and straw, upgrading low-value residues into high-performance thermoset materials. Target applications include wind energy, marine structures, transportation, and construction, where composites play a critical role.
Early results suggest the bio-based resins can compete directly with fossil formulations. Doctoral researcher Mikko Salonen reports that a biomass-based polyester resin developed by the team achieved up to 76% higher tensile strength than a commercial fossil-based polyester resin. Polyester resins are widely used in fiberglass structures such as boats and caravans, while epoxy resins underpin high-performance composites and industrial adhesives.
Beyond strength, the research addresses a persistent challenge for composite industries: end-of-life. Unlike conventional materials—such as those used in wind turbine blades—that are difficult to recycle, the new resins can be chemically broken down and reused. This enables a more circular approach to composite manufacturing and reduces reliance on virgin fossil inputs.
The team has filed three patents and is now seeking partners to advance to pilot-scale production. The work also carries strategic significance for Europe, where limited domestic oil reserves heighten interest in renewable alternatives that improve material self-sufficiency while supporting climate and circular economy objectives.
The epoxy resin findings were published in February 2026 under the Business Finland-funded FurBio flagship project, involving collaborators from Italy and Sweden. Polyester resin development continues within the SUSBICO project (Interreg Aurora), in collaboration with Luleå University of Technology, following early results published in November 2025.
Sustainable Chemistry is a research focus at the University of Oulu dedicated to developing bio-based and circular chemical solutions for industrial applications. The work centers on upgrading renewable raw materials and sidestreams into high-performance materials, with a strong emphasis on recyclability, scalability and collaboration with industry to support the transition toward a sustainable bioeconomy.
Source: University of Oulu (Finland)
